Spark ignition Engine | Compression ignition Engine

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What are the Spark ignition Engine and Compression ignition Engine?

Answer: Spark ignition Engine | Compression ignition Engine

Spark ignition Engine

• Spark ignition requires a spark plug in the combustion chamber.
• Works on Otto cycle Petrol (because of high self-ignition temperature).
• 6 to 10.5 upper limit of C.R. is fixed by the antiknock quality of fuel.
• Fuel and air are mixed and an introduced cylinder
• required to mix the air and fuel.

Compression ignition Engine

• self-ignition because of high temperature caused by high compression of air when fuel injected (no need of spark plug).
• Works on Diesel cycle.
• Diesel (low self-ignition temperature is desirable).
• 16 to 20 upper limit of C.R. is decided by weight and structure of engine also.
  Fuel is directly injected to the cylinder at high pressure at the end of combustion.
• A high-pressure fuel pump is required with an injector (Carburettor is eliminated).

Based on cycle: Spark ignition engine and compression ignition engine is based on Otto cycle and Diesel cycle, respectively.

Merits of spark ignition engine:

1. S.I. engines arrangement are lighter than C.I. engines.

2. Vibrations in S.I. engines is lower than C.I. engines.

Demerits of spark ignition engine :

1. Due to the lower compression ratio, the thermal efficiency got is lower.

2. Cost of fuel (petrol) is higher than Diesel.

Applications of spark ignition engine :

1. Mopeds, scooters and motorcycles.

2. In small pumping sets and mobile electric generating sets.

Merits of compression ignition engine :

1. Thermal efficiency of C.I. engines is higher than S.I. engines because of its higher C.R.

2. C.I. engines have a major application than S.I. engines.

Demerits of compression ignition engine :

1. C.I. engines are heavier than S.I. engines for the same power output.

2. The vibration from the engine and the unpleasant odour in the exhaust are the major drawbacks.

Applications of compression ignition engine :

1. In ship propulsion, jeeps, buses and trucks.

2. Tractors for agricultural application.