Fundamentals of Nursing Quiz | Practice MCQ #mcq.imBooz

• (A) Maintain the drainage tubing and collection bag level with the patient�s bladder
• (B) Irrigate the patient with 1% Neosporin solution three times a daily
• (C) Clamp the catheter for 1 hour every 4 hours to maintain the bladder�s elasticity
• (D) Maintain the drainage tubing and collection bag below bladder level to facilitate drainage by gravity

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- Maintain the drainage tubing and collection bag below bladder level to facilitate drainage by gravity

• (A) Upper GI bleeding
• (B) Impending constipation
• (C) An effect of medication
• (D) Bile obstruction

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- Bile colors the stool brown. Any inflammation or obstruction that impairs bile flow will affect the stool pigment, yielding light, clay-colored stool. Upper GI bleeding results in black or tarry stool. Constipation is characterized by small, hard masses. Many medications and foods will discolor stool � for example, drugs containing iron turn stool black.; beets turn stool red.

• (A) Decrease burning sensations
• (B) Change the urine’s color
• (C) Change the urine’s concentration
• (D) Inhibit the growth of microorganisms

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- Microorganisms usually do not grow in an acidic environment.

• (A) 4,500/mm³
• (B) 7,000/mm³
• (C) 10,000/mm³
• (D) 25,000/mm³

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- Leukocytosis is any transient increase in the number of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the blood. Normal WBC counts range from 5,000 to 100,000/mm3. Thus, a count of 25,000/mm3 indicates leukocytosis.

• (A) 20G
• (B) 22G
• (C) 25G
• (D) 26G

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- Because an intradermal injection does not penetrate deeply into the skin, a small-bore 25G needle is recommended. This type of injection is used primarily to administer antigens to evaluate reactions for allergy or sensitivity studies. A 20G needle is usually used for I.M. injections of oilbased medications; a 22G needle for I.M. injections; and a 25G needle, for I.M. injections; and a 25G needle, for subcutaneous insulin injections.

• (A) A patient with leukopenia
• (B) A patient receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics
• (C) A postoperative patient who has undergone orthopedic surgery
• (D) A newly diagnosed diabetic patient

Check AnswerSolution[A]:- Leukopenia is a decreased number of leukocytes (white blood cells), which are important in resisting infection. None of the other situations would put the patient at risk for contracting an infection; taking broadspectrum antibiotics might actually reduce the infection risk.

• (A) Waist tie and neck tie at the back of the gown
• (B) Waist tie in front of the gown
• (C) Cuffs of the gown
• (D) Inside of the gown

Check AnswerSolution[A]:- The back of the gown is considered clean, the front is contaminated. So, after removing gloves and washing hands, the nurse should untie the back of the gown; slowly move backward away from the gown, holding the inside of the gown and keeping the edges off the floor; turn and fold the gown inside out; discard it in a contaminated linen container; then wash her hands again.

• (A) Soap or detergent to promote emulsification
• (B) Hot water to destroy bacteria
• (C) A disinfectant to increase surface tension
• (D) All of the above

Check AnswerSolution[A]:- Soaps and detergents are used to help remove bacteria because of their ability to lower the surface tension of water and act as emulsifying agents. Hot water may lead to skin irritation or burns.

• (A) No contradictions exist for this test
• (B) Before the procedure, the patient should remove all jewelry, metallic objects, and buttons above the waist
• (C) Eating, drinking, and medications are allowed before this test
• (D) None

Check AnswerSolution[A]:- Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy is the only contraindication for a chest X-ray. However, if a chest X-ray is necessary, the patient can wear a lead apron to protect the pelvic region from radiation. Jewelry, metallic objects, and buttons would interfere with the X-ray and thus should not be worn above the waist. A signed consent is not required because a chest X-ray is not an invasive examination. Eating, drinking and medications are allowed because the X-ray is of the chest, not the abdominal region.

• (A) Been certified by the National League for Nursing
• (B) Received credentials from the Philippine Nurses Association
• (C) Graduated from an associate degree program and is a registered professional nurse
• (D) Completed a master’s degree in the prescribed clinical area and is a registered professional nurse.

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- A clinical nurse specialist must have completed a master’s degree in a clinical specialty and be a registered professional nurse. The National League of Nursing accredits educational programs in nursing and provides a testing service to evaluate student nursing competence but it does not certify nurses. The American Nurses Association identifies requirements for certification and offers examinations for certification in many areas of nursing., such as medical surgical nursing. These certification (credentialing) demonstrates that the nurse has the knowledge and the ability to provide high quality nursing care in the area of her certification. A graduate of an associate degree program is not a clinical nurse specialist: however, she is prepared to provide bed side nursing with a high degree of knowledge and skill. She must successfully complete the licensing examination to become a registered professional nurse.

• (A) Cap all used needles before removing them from their syringes
• (B) Discard all used uncapped needles and syringes in an impenetrable protective container
• (C) Wear gloves when administering IM injections
• (D) Follow enteric precautions

Check AnswerSolution[B]:- According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), blood-to-blood contact occurs most commonly when a health care worker attempts to cap a used needle. Therefore, used needles should never be recapped; instead they should be inserted in a specially designed puncture resistant, labeled container. Wearing gloves is not always necessary when administering an I.M. injection. Enteric precautions prevent the transfer of pathogens via feces.

• (A) The first glove should be picked up by grasping the inside of the cuff.
• (B) The second glove should be picked up by inserting the gloved fingers under the cuff outside the glove.
• (C) The gloves should be adjusted by sliding the gloved fingers under the sterile cuff and pulling the glove over the wrist
• (D) The inside of the glove is considered sterile

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- The inside of the glove is always considered to be clean, but not sterile.

• (A) Host
• (B) Reservoir
• (C) Mode of transmission
• (D) Portal of entry

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- In the circular chain of infection, pathogens must be able to leave their reservoir and be transmitted to a susceptible host through a portal of entry, such as broken skin.

• (A) Withhold the moderation and notify the physician
• (B) Administer the medication and notify the physician
• (C) Administer the medication with an antihistamine
• (D) Apply corn starch soaks to the rash

Check AnswerSolution[A]:- Initial sensitivity to penicillin is commonly manifested by a skin rash, even in individuals who have not been allergic to it previously. Because of the danger of anaphylactic shock, he nurse should withhold the drug and notify the physician, who may choose to substitute another drug. Administering an antihistamine is a dependent nursing intervention that requires a written physician�s order. Although applying corn starch to the rash may relieve discomfort, it is not the nurse�s top priority in such a potentially life-threatening situation.

• (A) Obese
• (B) Overweight
• (C) Average
• (D) Underweight

Check AnswerSolution[D]:- For adults, BMI should range between 20 and 25; BMI less than 20 is considered underweight; BMI 25 to 29.9 is overweight; and BMI greater than 30 is considered obese.

• (A) Heart murmurs
• (B) Jugular venous hums
• (C) Bowel sounds
• (D) Carotid bruits

Check AnswerSolution[C]:- The bell of the stethoscope should be used to hear low-pitched sounds, such as murmurs, bruits, and jugular hums. The diaphragm should be used to hear high-pitched sounds that normally occur in the heart, lungs, and abdomen.

• (A) Dorsal recumbent
• (B) Semi-Fowler’s
• (C) Lithotomy
• (D) Sims’

Check AnswerSolution[B]:- If a patient is unable to sit up, the nurse should place him lying flat on his back, with the head of the bed elevated. Dorsal recumbent position is used for abdominal assessment if the patient has abdominal or pelvic pain. The patient in dorsal recumbent is on his back with knees flexed and soles of feet flat on the bed. Lithotomy position is used for female pelvic examination. It is similar to dorsal recumbent position, except that the patient’s legs are well separated and thighs are acutely flexed. Feet are usually placed in stirrups. Fold sheet or bath blanket crosswise over thighs and legs so that genital area is easily exposed. Keep patient covered as much as possible. The patient in Sim’s position is on left side with right knee flexed against abdomen and left knee slightly flexed. Left arm is behind body; right arm is placed comfortably. Sims’ position is used to examine the rectal area. In semi-Fowler’s position, the patient is supine with the head of the bed elevated and legs slightly elevated.

• (A) Ask the parents to leave the room before the examination.
• (B) Demonstrate equipment before using it.
• (C) Allow the child to help with the examination.
• (D) Perform invasive procedures (e.g., otoscopic) last.

Check AnswerSolution[B]:- The nurse should modify his examination by demonstrating equipment before using it to examine a school-age child. The nurse should make sure parents are not present during the physical examination of an adolescent, but they usually help younger children feel more secure. The nurse should allow a preschooler to help with the examination when possible, but not usually a school-age child. Toddlers are often fearful of invasive procedures, so those should be performed last in this age group. It is best to perform invasive procedures last for all age groups; therefore, this does not represent a modification.

• (A) Sims
• (B) Supine
• (C) Dorsal recumbent
• (D) Semi-Fowler’s

Check AnswerSolution[A]:- Sims’ position is typically used to examine the rectal area. However, the position should be avoided if the patient has undergone hip replacement surgery The patient with a hip replacement can assume the supine, dorsal recumbent, or semi-Fowler’s positions without causing harm to the joint. Supine position is lying on the back facing upward. The patient in dorsal recumbent is on his back with knees flexed and soles of feet flat on the bed. In semi-Fowler’s position, the patient is supine with the head of the bed elevated and legs slightly elevated.

• (A) D, B, A, C
• (B) C, A, D, B
• (C) B, C, D, A
• (D) A, B, C, D

Check AnswerSolution[B]:- Inspection begins immediately as the nurse meets the patient, as she observes the patient’s appearance and behavior. Observational data are not intrusive to the patient. When performing assessment techniques involving physical touch, the behavior, posture, demeanor, and responses might be altered. Palpation, percussion, and auscultation should be performed in that order, except when performing an abdominal assessment. During abdominal assessment, auscultation should be performed before palpation and percussion to prevent altering bowel sounds.